Question

Write an equation for making aldehyde by the Oxo process.

Answer 1

Hint: Aldehyde is basically a compound that contains a functional group, that is, $-CHO$ which consists of a carbonyl centre having a carbon atom which is directly bonded to an oxygen atom and Hydrogen. The Oxo process is a process that is used to synthesize aldehydes from alkenes.

Complete step by step solution:
The Oxo process is also known as Hydroformylation. Hydroformylation is basically Cobalt or Rhodium-based reactions in which the alkenes are reacted with $CO$ and $H_2$, that is, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in the presence of cobalt or rhodium catalyst in order to produce an aldehyde with one or more extra carbon. This is a homogeneously catalyzed reaction for an industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This process is considered to be an important process due to the resulting aldehydes since these aldehydes can be easily converted into various secondary alcohols.
As it is stated above that alkenes react with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, that is, dicobalt octacarboxyl to give aldehyde as the product.
$RCH=C{H}_2+CO+H_2\stackrel{C{o}_2{(CO)}_8}{\to }RC{H}_{2}C{H}_{2}CHO$
In these reactions, transition metals are required as a catalyst because we know that transition metals work as good catalyst due to their ability to easily change their oxidation states and also due to their large surface area on which the metals can be easily absorbed and the process can be activated and can happen without any kind of hindrance.

Note:
In the reactions, we need catalysts to be present because they fasten the reaction and increase the productivity of the process. There are many applications of the Oxo process such as this process is used for the synthesis of various fragrances and several drugs.