Question

Write a short note on geothermal energy.

Answer 1

Hint:
The term geothermal is derived from two Greek words Geo and Thermal. Geo means earth while thermal means heat. So from this, we can conclude the definition of geothermal energy as the heat energy derived from below the crust of the earth.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Geothermal energy is the heat energy which is generated and stored inside the Earth’s crust. The center of the Earth has a temperature which is the same as the temperature of the Sun which is constant due to the continuously occurring process of nuclear fusion. Due to the high temperature and pressure conditions constantly, some rocks may melt, which then results in the upward motion of the mantle since they become lighter with the absorption of more heat. These molten rocks formed in the crust are pushed further upward where they eventually get trapped in certain regions known generally as ‘hot spots’. When underground water comes in contact with the hot spots, steam is generated as the water evaporates and this is the heat energy stored inside the crust of the Earth or Geothermal energy.

Note:
Geothermal energy has various advantages over conventional fuels. Geothermal energy is free and abundant in the earth’s crust. Also, the constant flow of heat from the core makes it an inexhaustible source of energy and it is calculated to be limitless to a time span of up to 4 billion years. It is a non-polluting and environment-friendly source of energy as no harmful gases are evolved with its use unlike in case of fossil fuels.