Question

Write a brief note on three levels of panchayats.

Answer 1

Hint: Indian constitution has unique distinction of containing provision concerning government at three levels, they are union, state, local. Every village and town has its own peculiar problems. It is difficult to find solutions for them unless they meet and discuss them and bring their decision into force, this system is known as panchayat raj.

Complete answer:
Aims of panchayat raj system:
1. To provide more power to people in administration
2. Presenting decentralization of power in administration
3. Work for the comprehensive progress of villages

There are three levels of panchayats
Gram panchayat: Gram panchayat is very important. The progress and improvement of the village depends on it. Villages with $5,000 - 7,000$ population and proximate small villages join together to create a Gram panchayat. Functions of Gram panchayat- taking care of health and sanitation of the village, giving pure water for drinking, housing, providing elementary education.

Taluk panchayat: Every revenue taluk will have a taluk panchayat it contains elected members of taluk panchayat. For every thousand persons, one representative is elected from rural areas. Functions of taluk panchayat- preparing agricultural extension programs and request of grants, promoting the uses of non-conventional energy resources.

District panchayat: It is one of the main units of the panchayat raj system at district level. A member for every $40,000$ people is selected for district panchayat but in case of malnad, hilly areas one member is elected for $30,000$ people. Functions of district panchayat- extension plans for agriculture and horticulture, use of water resources and maintenance, women and child welfare programs, helping reading rooms and library.

Note: Gram panchayat is also known as Gram swarajya or Grama suraj. District panchayat is also known as the Zilla panchayat. Taluk panchayat is known as janpad panchayat. Horticulture is the science and art of cultivating fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants for human use.