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Hint: Plants and animals both are complex organisms. Plants are sessile while animals show locomotion. Plants can synthesize their food while animals cannot. All these differences arise due to the differences in their cellular structures.
Complete answer:
The major differences between plant and animal cells are summarised in the table below:
Note: Even though plant and animal cells share many differences both of them are similar in having eukaryotic cells. The ability to perform photosynthesis is usually seen in organisms belonging to kingdom Plantae, but certain other organisms belonging to kingdom Monera, kingdom Protista, etc can also perform photosynthesis. Euglena is an organism that exhibits both plant and animal-like characters, and a mixotrophic mode of nutrition is observed. These are heterotrophic when food is available but become photosynthetic or autotrophic when food is not available. Both plants and animals have semi - autonomous cell organelles, chloroplast in plants, and mitochondria in animals.
Complete answer:
The major differences between plant and animal cells are summarised in the table below:
Plant Cell | Animal Cell |
A rigid cell wall is present in plant cells | The cell wall is absent in animal cells |
Mature plant cells have a large central vacuole | Numerous small vacuoles may be present in animal cell |
The nucleus is present at the periphery of cytoplasm due to central vacuole | The nucleus lie centrally in most cases |
Centrioles are not present | Centrioles are present |
Anastral spindle formation occurs during cell division | Amphiastral spindle formation occurs during cell division |
The Golgi apparatus in plant cells is composed of a number of distinct and unconnected units called dictyosomes | Golgi apparatus is either localized or diffused and exists as a well developed single complex |
Reserve food materials include fat and starch | Reserve food material includes glycogen and fat |
Adjacent cells have cytoplasmic connections known as plasmodesmata | Adjacent cells are connected by cell junctions like tight junctions, gap junctions, etc. |
Cytokinesis takes place by cell plate formation | Cytokinesis occurs by cleavage. |
Plastids are found within plant cells | Plastids are absent within plant cells |
Note: Even though plant and animal cells share many differences both of them are similar in having eukaryotic cells. The ability to perform photosynthesis is usually seen in organisms belonging to kingdom Plantae, but certain other organisms belonging to kingdom Monera, kingdom Protista, etc can also perform photosynthesis. Euglena is an organism that exhibits both plant and animal-like characters, and a mixotrophic mode of nutrition is observed. These are heterotrophic when food is available but become photosynthetic or autotrophic when food is not available. Both plants and animals have semi - autonomous cell organelles, chloroplast in plants, and mitochondria in animals.
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