VerifiedSolution:
Hint:
The dormancy of the zygote in a fertilized ovule serves various important functions related to environmental protection, timing, resource allocation, dispersal, and genetic diversity.
Complete Answer:
Protective Mechanism: One reason for the dormancy of the zygote in a fertilized ovule is to protect it from environmental stresses. The ovule can be exposed to harsh conditions, including temperature fluctuations and desiccation, which could harm the developing zygote. By remaining dormant, the zygote is shielded from these adverse factors.
Timing and Synchronization: Another crucial function of zygote dormancy is to ensure proper timing of development. Rather than initiating immediate growth upon fertilization, the zygote remains quiescent. This delayed development allows the plant to time its growth to coincide with more favorable environmental conditions.
Resource Allocation: During the dormant period, the plant can allocate resources to other essential structures within the seed, such as the endosperm and seed coat. These structures provide nourishment and protection for the developing embryo. When the zygote eventually begins to grow, it can tap into these stored resources.
Dispersal Mechanism: Dormancy plays a role in the dispersal of seeds. Mature seeds with dormant zygotes can be transported by various means, including wind, water, or animals, to new locations where they may have a better chance of germinating in suitable conditions. Delayed germination is a strategic advantage in facilitating seed dispersal.
Genetic Diversity: The dormancy of zygotes also contributes to genetic diversity within plant populations. If all seeds were to germinate immediately after fertilization, there would be less variability in germination timing. Delayed germination ensures that seeds have varying timing for germination, which can enhance the adaptability of the plant population to changing environmental conditions.
Note:
Zygote dormancy is a critical aspect of a plant's reproductive strategy and life cycle. It serves multiple purposes, primarily aimed at ensuring the survival and success of the next generation of plants in diverse and sometimes unpredictable environmental conditions. This strategy reflects the evolutionary adaptations that plants have developed to thrive and reproduce effectively in a wide range of ecosystems.
