Question

Which type of soil is preferred the most for basin irrigation?
A. Loamy
B. Sand
C. Hard crust
D. Clayey

Answer 1

Hint: Basin irrigation is a type of irrigation method in which the whole field is divided into basins which are connected through a small drain called dhora. Dhora is of two types- main and the other, both of them have raised walls on both sides. According to the capacity of water inflow, the size of the fields is divided into basins.

Complete answer
Option A- Loamy
Loamy soil is an ideal soil for irrigation as it holds water for a longer time and has a medium rate of drying out. It is the best fit for basin irrigation as it avoids waterlogging.
Option B- Sand
Sandy soil is generally used for ploughing, planting, and cultivating due to its dry gritty texture and fast-draining nature. This type is generally avoided for basin irrigation.
Option C- Hard crust
Hard crust soil is formed due to roughening of the surface crust which protects the surface of the soil from wind erosion. When the soil dries out, it's not suitable for irrigation.
Option D- Clayey
Clayey soil has the property of retaining water once the water is absorbed slowly. It is suitable for growing crops like wheat, paddy, gram, etc. It is also preferred for basin irrigation but due to slow absorption, it can cause waterlogging in the fields.

Thus, the correct option is option A- Loamy soil.

Note- This type of irrigation is best suited for leveled fields and it also doesn’t require any technical knowledge. It prevents soil erosion, irrigates larger areas. The economic investment is comparatively less than others. Disadvantages of this method are wastage of water or waterlogging may be caused. Fertilizing or insecticide machines can’t be used as it can destroy the walls of basins.