Question

Which type of respiration involves the process of fermentation?

Answer 1

Hint: Fermentation refers to the metabolic process by which organic molecules (normally glucose) are converted into acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen or any electron transport chain.

Complete answer:
Fermentation involves the anaerobic type of respiration.

- Fermentation occurs in yeast and many bacteria in the absence of oxygen.
- It helps in liberating energy even if an organism lacks oxygen or aerobic respiration.
- People use these organisms to make yogurt, bread, wine, and biofuels.
- The basic mechanism for fermentation remains present in all cells of higher organisms as well.
- Mammalian muscle carries out fermentation during periods of intense exercise where oxygen supply becomes limited, resulting in the creation of lactic acid.

Additional information:
- There are two types of fermentation: lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.
- Lactic acid fermentation has two-steps: Glycolysis and NADH regeneration.
- During glycolysis, one glucose molecule is converted to two pyruvate molecules which produce two net ATP and two NADH.

Note: There are a number of products formed from fermentation, the most common are ethanol, lactic acid, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen gas. These products are used commercially in foods, vitamins, pharmaceuticals, or as industrial chemicals.