Question

Which plant hormone breaks seed dormancy?

Answer 1

Hint: Plants require sunlight, water, oxygen, and minerals to grow and develop. These are outside influences. Aside from these, plants' growth and development are governed by some intrinsic factors. Plant hormones, also known as phytohormones, are a type of hormone produced by plants.

Complete answer:
Plant hormones are chemical compounds found in plants at extremely low concentrations. Auxins, terpenes (Gibberellins), adenine (Cytokinins), carotenoids (Abscisic acid), and gases are all derivatives of indole (auxins), terpenes (Gibberellins), adenine (Cytokinins), carotenoids (Abscisic acid), and gases (Ethylene). These hormones are produced in almost every part of the plant and are distributed throughout the plant.
Seed dormancy is a condition in which seeds are unable to germinate, even in conditions that are normally favorable for germination. Water, light, temperature, gases, mechanical constraints, seed coats, and hormone structures all play a role in these conditions.
All growth and development activities, such as cell division, enlargement, flowering, seed formation, dormancy, and abscission, are controlled by plant hormones.
Gibberellins help plants break their seed dormancy. It aids in the germination of seeds. ABA (Abscisic acid), on the other hand, induces dormancy and acts as a gibberellin antagonist.
Functions of Gibberellins:
1. Bolting, or the sudden elongation of internodes just before flowering in rosette plants such as cabbage and beets is encouraged.
2. Senescence is postponed.
3. Parthenocarpy is induced.
4. Dwarfism is reversed by elongation of the stem.
5. Maleness is induced in certain plants, such as cannabis.
6. Hydrolytic enzymes such as lipase and amylase are formed in the endosperm of germinating cereal grains and barley seeds break the dormancy of seeds.

Thus, the Gibberellin hormone breaks seed dormancy.

Note:
In the cytokinesis process, cytokinins play a crucial role. Cytokinins are produced naturally in plants where rapid cell division occurs, such as root apices, shoot buds, and young fruits. The movement of cytokinins is polar and basipetal.