Question

Which overlapping is strongest?

Answer 1

Hint:In chemical bonds overlapping of orbital can lead to the formation of bonds. It can be defined as the concentration of orbitals on adjacent atoms in the same region of space. The main advantage of orbital overlap is to explain molecular bond angles.

Complete step-by-step answer:To study about the overlapping we first have the idea about types of orbitals there are generally two types of alternating orbitals known as $\sigma $(sigma) bond and $\pi $ (pi) bond. From the overlap of two orbitals one on each atom both types of bonds can be formed. When the $\sigma $ bond arises between the nuclei of two atoms, it can also be known as the internuclear axis bond.
Covalent bond is the best form through which atomic orbitals intersect directly between the nuclei of two atoms generally called $\sigma $bond. This bond exists between atomic orbitals of any kind. The only restriction with this kind of bond is that the atomic orbital overlap occurs immediately between the atomic nuclei. The intensity of covalent bond is directly proportional to the degree of overlap which signifies that higher the overlapping higher is the intensity and it is also proportional to the directional character. So we can conclude that $p-p$has more directional character than $s'p$ and $s's$ out of these $p-p$ is deeper.
Hence from the above discussion we can conclude that $\sigma $ overlapping is strongest.

Note: Covalent bond is a chemical bond which involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms and the electrons pairs which are shared while making the bond is known as shared pairs or bonding pairs and the forces involved are a balance of attractive and repulsive forces.