Question

Which one of the following scholars suggested the earth’s origin from gases and dust particles?
A. F. Hoyle
B. H. Alfven
C. James Jeans
D. Kant and Laplace

Answer 1

Hint: Planet earth along with the other planets are believed to be formed 4.5 billion years ago from the remains of formation of the sun. Earth was believed to be a dry planet at the beginning.

Complete answer:
The planet was believed to be born 4.5 billion years ago. Kant's main idea was that the solar system started as a cloud of dispersed particles. He also assumed that the mutual gravitational attractions between the particles caused all of them to move and collide, during which the chemical forces caused them to bond with each other. When some of the aggregates became bigger than the others, they kept on growing very fast, leading to the formation of the planets. Because Kant was not that proficient in neither physics nor mathematics, he failed to recognize the limitations of this approach. His model does not explain how the planets move around the Sun in the same direction and in the same plane, as they seem, nor does it explain the revolution of planetary satellites around the planets.
Considering other options: A. F. Hoyle was a famous English astronomer who was responsible for explaining the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis.
B. H. Alfven was a Swedish electrical engineer and plasma physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1970 for his notable work on magnetohydrodynamics.
C. James Jeans was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer responsible for Jeans length which explains the critical radius of an interstellar cloud.

So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note:
The Earth is considered by many to be around 4.5 billion years old which was formed from the small clumps of matter formed as the result of formation of the Sun. The Sun was formed mainly from the dust and gas cloud composed mainly of hydrogen and helium.