Question

Which one of the following enzymes is used for the activation of amino acid during translation?
A.Aminoacyl synthetase
B.RNA polymerase
C.DNA ligase
D.None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Translation is the mechanism by which the triplet base sequence of an mRNA guides the linking of a specific sequence of amino acids to form a polypeptide (protein) on ribosome. All the protein a cell needs is synthesized by the cell within itself. The first mechanism of protein synthesis includes activation of amino acids.

Complete step by step answer:
-In activation of amino acids, amino acids react with ATP to form amino acids –AMP complex and pyrophosphate.
-The reaction is catalyzed by a specific amino acid activating enzyme called Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase in the presence of magnesium ions .
-There is a separate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme of amino acid.
-Much of the energy released by the separation of phosphate groups from ATP is trapped in the amino acid –AMP complex
-The complex temporarily associated with the enzyme

So the correct answer is option is A.Aminoacyl synthetase.

Additional information:
The process of translation include three steps
-Initiation- The activated tRNA binds to start codon of RNA.
-Elongation- Polypeptide synthesis occurs from N to C terminal.
-Termination -Binding of tRNA to stop codon leads to termination of translation process.

Note:
-The enzyme RNA polymerase is required in the RNA transcription process i.e. the process of formation of RNA from DNA template.
-DNA ligase is used in the replication process.Ligase ligate the okazaki fragment.
-Reverse transcriptase is used to synthesize DNA from RNA.