Question

Which one of the following courts is responsible for the enforcement of fundamental rights?
A) The High Courts
B) The Supreme Court of India
C) District and Sessions Court
D) The Supreme Court of India and the High Courts

Answer 1

Hint: The judges of this court are appointed by the President himself.
In order to be appointed as the judge in this court, one has to be an advocate for at least ten years.
These courts are headed by the Chief Justice, (of India or of the states).

Complete answer:
The Supreme Court of India came into existence on 26th January 1950 and is built in the capital of the country, Delhi. It used to function from the parliamentary house till it moved to the present building. It comprises the Chief Justice and 30 other judges that are appointed by the President of India. The judges can retire when they reach the age of 65.

The highest judicial court a state can have in India is the high court and is termed as the second highest in the country after the Supreme Court. Currently we have 25 high courts established in different states of the country. Article 214 of the Indian constitution declares that every Indian state should have their own high court.

The Supreme Court and the High Courts are responsible for the enforcement of fundamental rights. The fundamental rights have been classified under 6 categories. They are;
- Right to freedom
- Right to equality
 -Right against exploitation
- Right to freedom of religion
- cultural and educational rights
- Right to constitutional remedies.
They are written in Articles 12 to 35 of the Indian Constitution.

Thus, the correct answer is Option (D) i.e, The Supreme Court of India and the High Courts are responsible for the enforcement of fundamental rights.

Note:
- The Supreme Court has jurisdiction over all the courts and tribunals in the country whereas the High Court has authority over all the other courts under its jurisdiction.
- The Chief Justice of India and the Chief Justice of the State leads the Supreme Court and the High Court respectively.
- Andhra Pradesh is the latest to have the high court established on 1st January 2019.