Question

Which of the following was the most important feature of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms?
A. Self Government
B. The Factory Act
C. System of Dyarchy
D. Transfer of Power to Congress

Answer 1

Hint: The most important feature of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms ended with the introduction of provincial autonomy in 1935. The most important feature was that from now on there would be two subjects.

Complete Answer:The System of Dyarchy was the most important feature of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms also known as the Government of India Act, 1919.

Dyarchy simply means two sets of governments. Subjects in the provincial list were divided into two groups in which one was reserved and the other was transferred.

The transferred list included subjects like agriculture, health, etc which were given to a government of ministers answerable to the Provincial Council.

The reserved list included subjects like defence, foreign affairs, etc which remained under the control of the Viceroy.

Option A - Self Government - The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (Mont-Ford Reforms) was the first step by the colonial government to gradually introduce self government in India.

Option B - The Factory Act - The first Indian factories act was enacted in 1881 and it mainly focussed on the prohibition of employment of children under 7 years of age.

Option D - Transfer of Power to Congress - The Indian Independence Act of 1947 transferred the power from the British to the Congress.

Therefore the answer is option C.

Note: Other features of the GOI Act of 1919 includes - Separate Preamble, Established Public Service Commission in India for the first time, Communal representation was extended to Sikhs, Europeans and Anglo-Indians.