Question

Which of the following tissues provide maximum mechanical support to plant organs?
A) Sclerenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Parenchyma
D) Aerenchyma

Answer 1

Hint: The cells are compact and non-stretchable and are typically located in plant bodies, like bark and mature roots, in non-growing areas.

Complete answer:
First we should know about plant cells to answer this question. Plant cell is a multicellular eukaryotic cell that forms a plant. They have an established nucleus with specialized structural organelles that allow them to act in an ordered way as eukaryotic cells.
Now, let us find the solution from the options-
A simple permanent tissue that has lignified walls is Sclerenchyma. It provides the plant with mechanical strength and stiffness. The outer coating of nuts forms it. It is composed largely of dead cells.
Collenchyma in dicot plants is located in the hypodermis which provides the plant with mechanical assistance. It provides the stem with flexibility and bending ability. Thus, option B is not the correct option.
Parenchyma constitutes the main component and is tightly packed or has intercellular space and lives with the capacity for division. They execute photosynthesis, transportation, and secretion roles. Thus, option C is not only the correct option.
Aerenchyma is a soft tissue that creates gaps or air tubes in some plants' leaves, roots and stems that enable gases to be transferred between the root and the shoot. Parenchymatous cells that have buoyancy are aerenchyma. Thus option D is not the correct option.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A) Sclerenchyma.

Note:Sclerenchyma cells give support and protection to the tissues of other plants, particularly the tree trunks as well as fibres of large herbal trees, due to their thickened cell walls. Herbivory is prevented by the reinforced cell wall. Intake of the strong cell wall causes harm to larval stage insects' digestive tract, particularly in peach fruits.