Question

Which of the following statements support the view that an elaborate sexual reproductive process appeared much later in organic evolution?
(i) Lower groups of organisms have simpler body designs.
(ii) Asexual reproduction is common in lower groups.
(iii) Asexual reproduction is common in higher groups of organisms.
(iv) The high incidences of sexual reproduction in angiosperms and vertebrates.

(a). (i) (ii) and (iii)
(b). (i) (iii) and (iv)
(c). (i) (ii) and (iv)
(d). (ii) (iii) and (iv)

Answer 1

Hint: Reproduction is a process by which an organism continues its generation and at the initial stage the organism divided itself into two halves in order to survive.

Complete answer:
Every organism whether large or small desires to sustain in the world or leave the world with its own successor. To fulfill this requirement and to balance nature has evolved methods to reproduce. Initially organisms were small with simple body designs like a single cell as seen in Monera and Protista they just divide themselves into two different individuals and continue to live. But with time as the complexity of organisms increased there was a need for a different method of reproduction that helps to bring variation and evolve the organism for survival during the changes that take place in nature. And hence, a new mode of reproduction known as sexual reproduction came into existence. So, higher organism start reproduction by the fusion of gametes under favorable conditions but if conditions are not that much great they also adapted asexual methods as seen in plants.
Asexual reproduction is the methods by which an organism reproduce without the involvement of two individuals or gametes like in binary fission in amoeba, vegetative propogation in plants etc.
Sexual reproduction is a process in which male and female gametes fuse together to form a zygote which develops into an individual as seen in all angiosperms and vertebrates.

So the correct answer is option (c).

Note: Many higher organisms also show asexual reproduction ( vegetative reproduction in plants), lower organisms also show sexual reproduction( conjugation in bacteria) but the prefered mode from higher organisms is sexual reproduction and for ower, animals are sexual reproduction.