Question

Which of the following statements regarding judiciary in India are correct ?
1)The supreme court of India is free from the control and influence of the legislature and executive.
2)Subordinate courts are at the head of the judicial hierarchy of the state
3)The chief justice and other judges of High court are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the chief justice of India
4)The High Court can withdraw a case from a subordinate court and can deal with the case itself if it is satisfied that the case involves a substantial point of constitutional law.

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)1 and 4
D)2, 3 and 4

Answer 1

Hint: The Indian Constitution has adopted Single, Integrated and Independent Judiciary.The Constitution has made provisions ensuring the independence of the Supreme Court and High Courts.

Complete answer:
1)The Indian Judiciary administers a common law system in which customs, securities and legislation, all codify the law of the land.
2)It has inherited the legacy of the legal system established by the then colonial powers and the princely states since the mid-19th century, and has partly retained the characteristics of practices from the ancient and medieval times.
3)The Indian Judicial system is totally managed and administered by officers of judicial service unlike in the past when civil service officers also were part of the judicial system.
4)As per the Constitution of India, judicial service in India is an arm of the All India Services but, due to various reasons, judges are appointed through the respective state public service commissions or by the High Court up to the post of district judge. Judges of the High Court and Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a collegium. The Judicial system of India is classified into three levels with subsidiary parts.
5)The Supreme Court of India, also known as the Apex Court, is the top court and the last appellate court in India, and the Chief Justice of India is its top authority.
6)High Courts are the top judicial bodies in the states controlled and managed by Chief Justices of States. Below the High Court are District Courts, also known as subordinate courts, controlled and managed by the District & Sessions Judges.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C)

Note: The subordinate court system is further classified into two: the civil court of which a Sub-Judge is the head followed by the munsif court at the lower level, and the criminal court headed by Chief Judicial/Metropolitan Magistrate at topl.