Question

Which of the following statements is correct?
i) Copper is extracted by hydrometallurgy from low-grade ores.
ii) In the electrolytic reduction of alumina, graphite is acting as an anode and steel vessel with the lining of carbon acts as an anode.
iii) In Hall-Heroult process, aluminium is obtained at anode and \[CO\] and \[C{{O}_{2}}\] are produced at the cathode.
A) (i). only
B) (i). and (ii). only
C) (ii). and (iii). only
D) All of these

Answer 1

Hint: We know that Copper is the metal with the symbol \[Cu.\] It is reddish colour metal with the structure of a face centered cubic crystalline cell. It has the ability to reflect orange colour and red colour light. It also absorbs frequencies in the visible spectrum. It has the property of being malleable, ductile and is a good conductor of electricity.

Complete step-by-step answer:
The low-grade ore from which copper is to be extracted firstly undergoes the process of leaching. Leaching is the process in which the extraction of the substance takes place from the solid material which is dissolved in a liquid. In this the solute is detached or extracted from the carrier substance by way of a solvent. The process of leaching is generally occurring naturally in an environment which the scientists have adapted for a variety of applications with other methods. The other is ammonia leaching in which the ore is extracted from crushed ore. The other is alkali leaching in which the ore is extracted from bauxite ore. The other is acid ore in which the ore is extracted from sulfide ore.

Copper is extracted by hydrometallurgy from low-grade ores. It is leached out using acid or bacteria. The solution containing \[C{{u}^{2+~}}\] is treated with scrap iron or \[{{H}_{2}}.\] \[Cu_{\left( aq \right)}^{2+}+{{H}_{2\left( g \right)}}\xrightarrow{{}}C{{u}_{\left( s \right)}}+2H_{\left( aq \right)}^{+}\]
In the electrolytic reduction of alumina. The graphite act as anode and steel with a lining of carbon acts as an anode. The process of extracting Aluminium from Alumina \[(A{{l}_{2}}{{O}_{3}})~\] by electrolysis is called the Hall-Heroult process. In this process Aluminium is produced at cathode which is obtained by outlet, oxygen is released at an anode. It reacts with carbon of anode producing \[CO\] and \[C{{O}_{2}}\].

Therefore, correct answer is option B, i.e. (i) and (ii) only.

Note: Remember that Copper has good corrosion resistance. It has good machinability. It is non-magnetic and has the ability of retention of mechanical and electrical properties at cryogenic temperature. It is easy to form alloy.