Question

Which of the following plants form seeds and have pollen tubes?
A. Angiosperm
B. Pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperm
D. Siphonogama

Answer 1

Hint: According to the phylogenetic classification based more upon the evolutionary point, the Spermatophyta (seed-bearing plants) are classified into angiosperms and gymnosperms. This classification of Spermatophyta was given by Engler and Prantl in the year 1886.

Complete answer: According to the phylogenetic classification of the plant kingdom by Engler and Prantl, it contains a total of fourteen major divisions, the phylum Embryophyta or Siphonogama is classified into gymnosperms and angiosperms. They contain a large group of plant species. The gymnosperms are further classified into seven orders and angiosperms are divided into two classes which are monocots and dicots. The Embryophyta (land plants) or spermatophytes include plants that bear seeds rather than spores. This phylum includes seed plants or flowering plants. The characteristics of this division include differentiation of the plants into root, stem, leaves, and flowers, development of sporophytes, the reduction of the gametophyte, and the production of seed. The plants being heterosporous contains pollen tubes produced by microspore or by spermatozoids which fertilize the egg cell. Thus Siphonogama is a plant that forms seeds and also has a pollen tube.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Additional information: A pollen tube is a tubular structure produced by the male gametophyte of seed plants at the time of germination. It grows from the pollen grain down to the style of the ovary.

Note: The Embryophyta are a group of green plants that forms vegetation on earth. Living embryophytes, therefore, include hornworts, liverworts, mosses, ferns, lycophytes, gymnosperms and flowering plants.