Question

Which of the following nitric acid solution is referred as fuming nitric acid?
A.\[ > 65\% {\text{ }}HN{O_3}\]in water
B.\[ > 81\% {\text{ }}HN{O_3}\]in water
C.\[ > 84\% {\text{ }}HN{O_3}\]in water
D.\[ > 74\% {\text{ }}HN{O_3}\]in water

Answer 1

Hint: Nitric acid is the primary reagent used for nitration – the addition of a nitro group, normally to a natural molecule. While some resulting nitro compounds are shock- and thermally-sensitive explosives, a few are robust enough to be used in munitions and demolition, at the identical time as others are despite the fact that more robust and used as pigments in inks and dyes.

Complete Answer:
The fuming nitric acid solution continuously has greater than\[84\% {\text{ }}\]nitric acid in it. Nitric acid (\[HN{O_3}\]), moreover known as robust water is a quite corrosive mineral acid.
The herbal compound is colorless, but older samples will be predisposed to gather a yellow stable due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen and water. Most commercially available nitric acid has an interest of \[68\% \]in water. When the solution consists of more than\[84\% {\text{ }}\]\[HN{O_3}\], it is known as fuming nitric acid. Depending on the amount of nitrogen dioxide present, fuming nitric acid is similarly characterized as crimson fuming nitric acid at concentrations above \[84\% {\text{ }}\]or white fuming nitric acid at concentrations above 95%. Nitric acid is also usually used as a robust oxidizing agent.

Option C is the correct answer.

Note:
Being a powerful oxidizing acid, nitric acid reacts violently with many herbal materials and the reactions may be explosive. The hydroxyl group will normally strip hydrogen from the herbal molecule to form water, and the very last nitro group takes the hydrogen's location. Nitration of herbal compounds with nitric acid is the primary method of synthesis of many commonplace location explosives, consisting of nitroglycerin and trinitrotoluene.