Question

Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at present?
A. Polymerase chain reaction
B. Zinc finger analysis
C. Restriction enzymes
D. DNA – DNA hybridization

Answer 1

Hint: It is a type of structural pattern characterized by coordination between zinc ions in order to stabilize the tertiary protein structure.

Complete Answer:
- DNA fingerprinting is a laboratory procedure used to create a correlation in criminal investigations between biological proof and suspect. A sample of DNA obtained from a crime scene is likened to a suspect's DNA sample. The proof came from the perpetrator if the two DNA profiles are matched.
- PCR is a commonly used tool to easily produce millions or trillions of copies of the DNA sample, which permits scientists to take a sample of very small quantities of DNA to a fairly large scale to analyze it in greater depth.
- In the main groove of DNA, fingers bind with zinc wrapping around the strands, and the helices are granted specialization in the side chains of a variety of amino acids. Certain zinc finger proteins are homodimerizer by hydrophobic interactions or by linking the finger-finger and enhancing the unique linking with DNA.
- DNA is bound to the restriction enzymes and triggered in DNA by restriction sequence. The restriction enzymes hydrolyze and break the bonds between nucleotides until activated. Therefore, individuals with a relationship with identical restriction sequences along their DNA inherited the restriction sequences on the DNA. Cutting of samples of DNA by same restriction enzymes and examination of the resulting fingerprint DNA fragments reveals which DNA samples are similarly limited.
- A very important technique in molecular Biology is DNA hybridization. Hybridization provides for specific gene recognition and cloning, cell-level mRNA analysis, genome copy number analysis as well as a DNA fingerprint.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. i.e., Zinc finger analysis.

Note: In crime investigations, the fingerprint of DNA is a forensic tool that compares the samples of criminal suspects to the details of DNA to measure the risk of involvement in criminal investigations. It is also used for parenthood testing to ascertain eligibility for migration and for genealogical and medical analysis. In the areas of zoology, botany and agriculture, DNA fingerprinting has also been used in the study of animal and plant populations.