Question

Which of the following hormones is used for shoot differentiation in callus?
A. 2,4 Dinitrophenylhydrazine
B. Benzyl amino purine (BAP)
C. Deformylase
D. Gibberellic acid

Answer 1

Hint: It is a plant growth regulator which is a first-generation cytokinin and is commonly used along with auxins to regulate various plant processes such as seedling germination, shoot initiation, and sprouting.

Complete answer: Benzyl amino purine or BAP is a chemically synthesized cytokinin that stimulates plant growth and developmental responses. It also helps in setting blossoms and increases fruit richness by stimulating cell division. It acts as an inhibitor of respiratory kinases in plants and increases the post-harvest life of green-leafy vegetables. Shoot generation is initiated when BAP is used along with other phytohormones in the growth medium. After callus formation, it can be transferred to a growth medium containing BAP for shoot elongation. It is a synthetic cytokinin that regulates various plant processes. It is also known as benzyl adenine and it is commonly used as a cytokinin supplement in the growth media. It also helps in stimulating fruit ripening by enhancing cell division. It is also used in plant tissue growth as a supplement to plant growth media such as Murashige and Skoog medium, Gamborg's medium, and Chu's N6 medium.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Note: Benzyl amino purine belongs to the class of purine-type phytohormones. Other chemicals such as 2,4 Dinitrophenylhydrazine is an auxin and a herbicide that is commonly used to initiate uncontrolled growth in dicot weeds. Whereas, Gibberellins is a phytohormone that is responsible for initiating seed germination.