Question

Which of the following has sp² hybridization.
A. Benzene
B. Ethane
C. Ethene
D. Ethyne

Answer 1

Hint: As two atomic orbitals join to form a hybrid orbital in a molecule, the energy of individual atoms' orbitals is redistributed to give orbitals of equal energy. Hybridization is the term for this process. Hybrid orbitals are the new orbitals that result from this process.
Complete step by step answer:
As two atomic orbitals join to form a hybrid orbital in a molecule, the energy of individual atoms' orbitals is redistributed to give orbitals of equal energy. Hybridization is the term for this process. Hybrid orbitals are the new orbitals that result from this process.
sp² Hybridization
When one s and two p orbitals of the same shell of an atom combine to form three identical orbitals, this is known as sp² hybridization. The new orbitals formed are called sp² hybrid orbitals.
Trigonal hybridization is another name for sp² bridization.
It entails combining one s orbital with two p orbitals with equal energy to create the sp2 hybrid orbital.
A trigonal symmetry mixture of s and p orbitals is preserved at 120 degrees.
The three hybrid orbitals remain in the same plane and form a 120° angle with one another. Any of the resulting hybrid orbitals has 33.33 percent s and 66.66 percent ‘p' character.
A triangular planar structure is used in molecules in which the central atom is bound to three other atoms and is sp² hybridised.
All the compounds of carbon containing a carbon-carbon double bond is known to be sp² Hybridization
Hence from the given options we conclude that Ethene (having one double bond) and Benzene having (three double bonds) are sp² hybridised in nature.

Note: When one s and two p orbitals of the same shell of an atom combine to form three identical orbitals, this is known as sp² hybridization. The new orbitals formed are called sp² hybrid orbitals.
Trigonal hybridization is another name for sp² hybridization.
It entails combining one s orbital with two p orbitals with equal energy to create the sp² hybrid orbital.