Question

Which is not used for ex situ plant conservation?
A) Botanical gardens
B) Field gene banks
C) Seed banks
D) Shifting cultivation

Answer 1

Hint: Biological conservation is a very important concept of environment. It includes two methods: in situ and ex situ conservation. In situ conservation includes botanical gardens, national parks, etc. Ex- situ conservation includes seed banks, gene banks, zoological parks, etc.

Complete answer:
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of all forms of life on earth. Conservation of biodiversity is necessary for the maintenance of the environment. The maintenance of the environment, sustainable utilization and restoration of lost biodiversity are the part of biodiversity conservation. The convention of biological diversity was signed in 1992 in Rio de janeiro. This can be done by using two strategies: in situ and ex situ conservation.
In situ conservation refers to the conservation of species within their habitats. It also includes the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats. Viable populations of the species are conserved in their natural habitat. It can be done in farmer’s fields, in pasture lands, and in protected areas. It is conserved with the maintenance of the local intra- and inter-population diversity available in various ecological and geographical sites. For example: some of the natural habitats or wild habitats are very risky for the survival of competitive species. Safe captive environment is provided for the survival of species in particular areas. It includes wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves etc.
In ex situ conservation, advanced techniques of science are used to conserve biodiversity. It includes the conservation of endangered species, species with a past, present, or future local importance. It is the method of conserving species outside their normal environment. Its main aim is to maintain the genetic integrity of the material at the time of collection. It includes zoos, gene banks, captive breeding, aquarium, botanical gardens and gene banks.
From the above information we have found that shifting cultivation is not the part of conservation of biodiversity.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Note: Various factors are responsible for the rapid diminishing of the particular species such as wildfires, poor management of the available land, over exploitation for food, fuel wood, overgrazing by cattle, displacement and loss of landraces. Human beings are the main reason behind the diminishing and exploitation of natural resources.