Question

Which human chromosome has the maximum number of genes?

Answer 1

Hint: The chromosomes are made up of tightly coiled hereditary material or the DNA around proteins that are known as the histone proteins. The histone protein helps to support the structure.

Complete answer:
In humans, there are forty six chromosomes contained in each of the cells. When the chromosomes are paired, they are divided into twenty three pairs. The pairs of the chromosomes are obtained from the parents during the process of reproduction and fertilization. Among the pair of chromosomes, one copy of chromosomes is inherited by each parent. This means that for a pair of chromosomes, one is obtained from the parental side and the other one is from the maternal side.
Among the twenty three pairs of chromosomes, chromosome 1 is known to be the largest human chromosome. Chromosome 1 is made up of about two hundred and forty nine million DNA building blocks or also known as base pairs. The chromosome 1 represents roughly eight percent of the total DNA contained in the cells.
The genes contained in chromosomes 1 is estimated at about two thousand to two thousand and nine hundred genes. The chromosome 1 is known to contain the maximum number of genes due to the large number of genes it carries. The genes that are present in chromosome 1 are known to provide important instructions regarding formation of proteins that are required for a number of processes. The proteins are designated to perform a variety of different functions in the body.

Additional information:
With the advent and development of new techniques and technologies, we are able to view and analyse the chromosomes in much greater details. The new technologies have allowed the method of mapping a gene to a particular band of chromosomes much error free and precise.

Note: The various cytogenetic mapping or gene mapping has revealed that chromosome 1 contains the maximum genes and is the largest chromosome in humans. The genes that are present in chromosome 1 are very important for the protein coding process.