Question

Which hormone stimulates the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate?
A. Cholecystokinin and secretin
B. Insulin and glucagon
C. Angiotensin and epinephrine
D. Gastrin and insulin

Answer 1

Hint: Pancreatic juice is the secretions of the pancreas having a variety of enzymes which includes trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastase, carboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase, nucleases and amylase.
Bicarbonate- It is an ion or electrolyte produced in the body to maintain acid-base balance in the stomach. It is necessary for the process of digestion. Secreted by the stomach and helps in the various functions of the body.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Option -A- Cholecystokinin and secretin These are the peptide hormones which are produced by endocrine cells present in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Cholecystokinin produces acts on the pancreas as well as gall bladder which stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice and bile juice respectively. Secretin produced from endocrine cells acts on the exocrine part of the pancreas and thereby stimulates the secretion of water and bicarbonate ions. Therefore it is the correct option.
Option -B- Insulin and glucagon Insulin is produced by an endocrine part of the pancreas containing islets of Langerhans along with another hormone called glucagon. Insulin is a peptide hormone which plays a role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. While glucagon acts by maintaining the levels of blood glucose. Therefore it is an incorrect option.
Option -C- Angiotensin and epinephrine Angiotensin is produced from angiotensinogen produced by the liver. It is a peptide hormone which causes vasoconstriction and thereby regulates blood pressure. Epinephrine is produced from the adrenal medulla part of adrenal glands and is known as the hormone of stress or hormone of flight or fight as it is produced rapidly in stress conditions.
Option -D- Gastrin and insulin Gastrin is a peptide hormone produced by endocrine cells of GIT and acts on the gastric glands and thereby stimulates the secretion of gastric glands I.e. secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. Insulin as stated mainly produces its effects by maintaining glucose homeostasis.

So, the correct answer to this question is the option ”A”

Note: Pancreatic juice containing pancreatic enzymes and bicarbonate is known to be important in the digestion of various biomolecules in the food such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Their secretions are regulated and maintained by the hormones produced by endocrine cells of GIT.