Question

Which environmental movement refers to as Greed Game political populism by the environmentalists?
A) Narmada Bachao Andolan
B) Silent Valley Movement
C) Appiko Movement
D) Jungle Bachao Andolan

Answer 1

Hint:
1) These are global movements which are embodied by a number of groups ranging from corporations to grassroots organisations, and it differs from country to country.
2) Environmentalists advocate for improvements in public policy and individual actions that promote sustainable resource management and environmental stewardship.

Complete answer:
Environmentalists argue for the long-term conservation of natural resources. The climate is often emphasised in the protests as a result of shifts in public policy. Ecology, wellbeing, and human rights are at the heart of many movements.

The environmental movement centred on pollution in the 1960s and 1970s, successfully pressured Congress to pass legislation to encourage cleaner air and water. In the late 1970s, the environmental risks posed by hazardous waste disposal became more prominent in the movement.

A) The Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is an Indian social movement led by indigenous peoples (Adivasis), farmers, environmentalists, and human rights activists who are protesting a number of major dam projects along the Narmada River. This movement is not referred to as Greed Game Political populism. Thus, Option (A) is not the correct option.
B) Save Silent Valley was a social movement in Kerala, India, that aimed to protect Silent Valley, an evergreen tropical forest in the Palakkad district. This movement is not referred to as Greed Game Political populism. Option (B) is not the correct option.
C) The famous Chipko Andolan (Hug the Trees Movement) of Uttarakhand in the Himalayas inspired the villagers of the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka Province in southern India to launch a similar movement to save their forests. This movement is not referred to as Greed Game Political populism. Option (C) is not the right option.
D) When the government decided to replace the natural sal forest in Jharkhand's Singhbhum district, the tribe began a campaign known as Jungle Bachao Andolan. This movement is also referred to as Greed Game Political populism. Thus, Option (D) is the correct option.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘D’.
Note: When the government proposed to replace the natural forest of Singhbhum District, Bihar, with commercial teak plantations in the early 1980s, the Jungle Bachao Andolan was born. In this situation, local groups have no other choice but to protest, which Guha sees as a new form of class conflict.