Question

Which empire did Niccole de Conti, Abdur Razzaq, Afanasy Nikitin and Femao Nuniz visit?
A) The empire of Karurani
B) Vijayanagara empire
C) Hoysala empire
D) Rashtrakula empire

Answer 1

Hint: The Vijayanagara Empire, also called the Karnata Kingdom, situated in the Deccan Plateau area in South India was set up in 1336 by the siblings Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama tradition, individuals from a pastoralist cowherd local area that guaranteed Yadava ancestry. The realm rose to noticeable quality as a climax of endeavours by the southern forces to avoid Islamic attacks before the finish of the thirteenth century.

Complete answer:
From Ancient to Modern Indian History, the Indian subcontinent experienced unfamiliar explorers and some of them left important records of their movements. These unfamiliar records gave us a significant target archive that will assist us with understanding the social-political-financial state of a specific period. These explorers' accounts can't be perceived without knowing their view of composing.

Let us analyze the given option:
Option A) The empire of Karurani: This option is incorrect as the Karurani or Karani dynasty was founded in 1564 by Taj Khan Karani, an ethnic Pashtun from the Karlani tribe, hailing from Bangash district. It was the last dynasty to rule the Sultanate of Bengal. There are no historical writings that prove the given foreign had visited this empire.
Option B) Vijayanagara empire: This option is correct as there are historical books and remnants which proves the fact that Niccolo de Conti, Abdur Razzaq, Afanasy Nikitin and Fernao Nuniz had visited the Vijaynagar Empire. Niccolo de Conti was a Venetian merchant, Abdur Razzaq was from Persia, Afanasy Nikitin was a Russian merchant and Fernao Nuniz was a Portuguese traveller.
Option C) Hoysala empire: The option is incorrect as the Hoysala Empire was a Kannadiga power originating from the Indian subcontinent that ruled most of what is now Karnataka, India between the 10th and the 14th centuries. There are no historical writings that prove the given foreign had visited this empire.
Option D) Rashtrakula empire: This option is incorrect as Rashtrakuta was a royal dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the sixth and 10th centuries. There are no historical writings that prove the given foreign had visited this empire.

Therefore the correct answer is option ‘B’.

Note: The foreign travellers who visited the Vijayanagara empire are:
- Abu Abdullah/lbn Batuta, from Morocco, who travelled thirty years of his life from North Africa, West Africa, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe in the West, to the Middle East, Indian subcontinent, Central Asia, Southeast Asia and East China left an account of Harihara I’s reign in his book Rehal.
- Niccolo de Conti who was an Italian merchant, scholar, and traveller visited the Vijayanagar Kingdom during the time of Dev Raya II and he also left an account in the Travels of Nicolo Conti.
- Abdur Razzaq who was a Persian, Timurid chronicler and a scholar visited the Vijaynagar Kingdom at the time of Dev Raya II as an ambassador of Shah Rukh, the Timurid dynasty ruler of Persia.
- Ludovico de Vorthema who was an Italian merchant and traveller visited India and left his memoirs in Travels in Egypt, India, Syria, etc and was also the first Christian to make the holy pilgrimage to Mecca.