Question

Which disease develops due to deficiency of iodine in our diet? Give one symptom.

Answer 1

Hint: The disease due to deficiency of iodine in our diet is mostly due to thyroid gland. The follicular cells of thyroid gland synthesize two hormones tetraiodothyronine and triiodothyronine.

Complete step by step answer:
-Hypothyroidism is a disease caused due to decrease in the level of iodine in our diet.
Since Iodine is essential for making thyroid hormone. Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential element in the diet. It may result in metabolic problems such as going there sometimes as in endemic goitre as well as cretinism due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism which results in developmental delay and other health problems.
-Iodine deficiency is an important global Health issue especially for pregnant women and it is also a preventable cause of intellectual disability.
-Iodine is an essential dietary mineral for neurodevelopment among offspring and toddlers.
The thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine contain Iodine.
-In areas where there is little iodine in the diet, typically remote inland areas where no marine foods are eaten iodine deficiency is common. It is also common in mountainous regions of the world where food is grown in iodine poor soil.
Symptoms of Iodine deficiency:
-A low amount of thyroxine in the blood due to lack of dietary iodine makes it give rise to a level of thyroid stimulating hormone.
-The thyroid stimulating hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to increase many biochemical processes, the cellular growth and proliferation can result in the characteristic swelling or hyperplasia of the thyroid gland or goiter.
-Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome which was previously known as cretinism.
-It is a condition associated with iodine deficiency and goiter commonly characterized by mental deficiency, deafness, stunted growth due to hypothyroidism.

Note:
In many countries adding a small amount of iodine to table salt is used to overcome this deficiency of iodine.