Question

Which court has directed the government to create NCBC ?
a. High court
b. Supreme court
c. Both
d. None of these

Answer 1

Hint:
The 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018 grants constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes. It has the right to investigate complaints and welfare measures regarding socially and educationally backward classes. Previously NCBC was a statutory body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

Complete solution:
In the 1992 Indra Sawhney case, the Supreme Court directed the government to form a permanent body to entertain, investigate and recommend the inclusion and exclusion of various backward classes for the purpose of profit and safety.

The Commission has a group of five members, consisting of a Chairman, Vice-chairman and three other members who are appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal. The terms of service and tenure of office of the Chairman, Vice-Chairman and other members are determined by the President.
It investigates and monitors all matters relating to safeguards provided for social and educationally backward classes and under any other law to evaluate the working of such safeguards.
The commission advises the economic and social development of socially and educationally backward classes and evaluates the progress of their development under the Union and States. The commission has to discharge such other functions in relation to the welfare, protection and advancement of socially and educationally backward classes as may be subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament by the President.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Note:
The government should put information in the public domain about the caste census findings and the commission's recommendations. It is trying to do the best steps for backward classes. Its important contribution in the policies related to Scheduled Castes of the Government.