Question

Which country witnessed a popular movement for the restoration of democracy?
A. Nepal
B. Bhutan
C. India
D. Pakistan

Answer 1

Hint - There was a movement to establish democracy in the country in 2006. King Gyanendra, who did not want constitutional monarchy over the absolute monarchy, gave rise to a revolution to gain popular control over the king. All the major political parties went on strike and people came on the road, ignoring the curfew. This resulted in the establishment of a constitutional emperor. Bolivia witnessed a struggle against the privatization of water. The Bolivian government sold the water to a multinational company that raised the price of water several times. The people revolted against this and forced the officer to relinquish water rights. Thus, the foundation of the country's politics is an absent element in these movements.

Complete Step by step answer -
The Nepali democracy movement advocated the establishment of the 20th century until 2008, a series of political movements from representative democracy, a multi-party political system, and the abolition of the monarchy. It has seen three major movements, the Revolution of 1951, Jana Movement, and the Democracy Movement (Nepali: Democracy Movement, the romanized: Democracy Movement) which eventually abolished the Shah Monarchy, a republic in the manner of Nepal and a multi-party democracy bicameral.
The beginning of a national movement for democracy in Nepal was, in the middle of the 20th century, the ouster of the long-established Nepalese royalty from the Indian nationalist movement influenced by ethnic and political development. However, this period of democracy ended in the 1980s and the Panchayat system of government was introduced, recent democratic institutions were abolished, political parties were banned and some forms of freedom of expression Have been banned.
Student protests in 1979 led to a referendum in the direction of the political system and slight changes to the existing party-less system, sometimes increasing executive control over the opposition. Due to the period of economic disputes with India and the increasing repression in Nepal, the mass movement resulted in the popular movement as the re-establishment of multi-party democracy under the constitutional monarchical framework.
By 2001, the economic and political situation progressed due to the presence of corruption, nepotism, and Maoist insurgency that developed into a nationwide civil war between the Maoist rebels and the Government of Nepal. After the assassination of the Nepalese royalty, King Gyanendra took control of the government and ruled until 2006 through emergency powers implementing nation-wide oppression of the media and civil society. Extensive protests led by a coalition of Maoists as well as seven Nepali parties led to the resignation of the king and the restoration of parliament, the abolition of the monarchy, and the transition to Nepal, the Union Republic, marking the end of the country's civil war.

So, option A is the correct answer.

Note - The mid-20th century saw the rise of an educated elite in Nepal, due to the expansion of the country's education system due to the very high literacy rate in the country and the increasing level of higher education attainment. After India's independence, political parties were established and started an organized struggle against the Rana monarchy in the neighboring country of Nepal. The Nepal Communist Party was founded in 1949 with the goal of establishing democracy and a People's Republic. In contrast, the Nepali Congress Party, later the Nepali Congress, was formed in 1947 and received support from the Nepal Communist Party to bring about an armed revolution against the Rana monarchy. Under significant international and domestic pressure, the Royal Family and the Nepali Congress agreed to a peaceful and stable transition to democracy, regarded as the Delhi Pact of 1951. A transitional government was established in a constitutional monarchy structure, and the elections were won by the Nepali Congress Party which played an important role in ending the Rana regime and ran on social-democratic grounds. In December 1980, King Mahendra dissolved the Parliament and banned political parties and the police jailed members of political parties and members of the National Cabinet.