Question

Which cell organelle is called the ‘Powerhouse of the cell’.

Answer 1

Hint: It is a membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of almost all eukaryotic cells (cells with clearly defined nuclei), the primary function of which is to generate large quantities of energy within the sort of ATP (ATP). It is typically round to oval in shape and range in size from 0.5 to 10 μm.

Complete answer
Mitochondria is the cell organelle found within the eukaryotic cells. It is involved within the process of aerobic respiration and it generates energy-rich molecules, ATP for cell functioning. So that’s why it is called the 'powerhouse of the cell'.

Additional information
The external mitochondrial film is openly penetrable to the little molecule and contains exceptional channels fit for shipping huge particles. Conversely, the internal film is way less porous, permitting truth to be told, little molecules to cross into the gel-like framework that makes up the organelle's central mass. The network contains the desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the mitochondrial genome and accordingly the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (likewise alluded to as the acid cycle, or Krebs cycle), which uses supplements into results the mitochondria can use for energy creation.
The cycles that convert these side-products into energy happen absolutely on the inward layer, which is twisted into folds alluded to as cristae that house the protein segments of the most energy-producing arrangement of cells, the electron transport chain (ETC). The ETC utilizes a progression of oxidation-reduction reactions to move electrons from one protein part to ensuing, eventually delivering free energy that is saddled to drive the phosphorylation of ADP (adenosine diphosphate) to ATP. This is known as the chemiosmotic coupling of the organic process that helps in all cellular activities, including people who generate muscle movement and fuel brain functions.

Note: Most of the proteins and other molecules that make up mitochondria originate in the cell nucleus. Nonetheless, 37 genes are contained inside the human mitochondrial genome, 13 of which produce different segments of the ETC. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is very vulnerable to mutations, largely because it doesn't possess the robust DNA repair mechanisms common to nuclear DNA.