Question

Which among the following are peroxo acids of sulphur?
[A] ${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{3}}$
[B] ${{H}_{2}}{{S}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}$
[C] ${{H}_{2}}{{S}_{2}}{{O}_{8}}$
[D] ${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}$

Answer 1

Hint: To answer this, you should know that a peroxo acid is an oxoacid containing a peroxy linkage i.e. an O – O linkage. Draw the structures of the given acids to find the correct answer here. Peroxo acid of sulphur is also known as Marshall’s acid.

Complete Solution :
To answer this question, we have to understand the meaning of peroxo first.
We know that peroxy linkage is an oxygen – oxygen linkage i.e. O – O linkage. Oxo-acids containing these O – O linkage are known as peroxo acids.
Here, we have been asked about peroxo acids of sulphur. Oxo-acids of sulphur with a peroxy linkage are known as peroxo acids of sulphur.
Now, let us go through each of the options to find out the peroxo acids of sulphur among the given options.
- Firstly we have ${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{3}}$. It is an inorganic compound and is known as sulphurous acid. We have to draw its structure to find out if it has a peroxy linkage.
 We can see it has no O – O linkage therefore it is not the correct answer.

- Then we have ${{H}_{2}}{{S}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}$. It is also an inorganic acid and is known thiosulphuric acid. It is an oxo-acid of sulphur and we can draw its structure as-
 It has no O – O linkage therefore it is not a peroxo acid either.

- Next we have ${{H}_{2}}{{S}_{2}}{{O}_{8}}$. It is an inorganic compound and it is known as peroxydisulfuric acid. It is also known as Marshall’s acid. Here the two sulphur atoms are bonded by a peroxy group. We can draw its structure as-
 We can see it has an O – O linkage so this is a peroxo acid of sulphur.

- And lastly we have ${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}$. We know that it is an inorganic acid and is known as sulphuric acid. We can draw its structure as-
 It does not have any O – O linkage so it is not a peroxo acid.

We can understand from the above discussion that peroxydisulfuric acid is a peroxo acid of sulphur.
So, the correct answer is “Option C”.

Note: In peroxydisulfuric acid, sulphur is present in its +6 oxidation state. Both +4 and +6 oxidation states of sulphur are common but +6 oxidation state is strongly acidic and thus is a stronger oxidising agent. Peroxydisulfuric acid is industrially used as a strong oxidising agent and it can be prepared by reaction of chlorosulfonic acid with hydrogen peroxide.
\[2ClS{{O}_{3}}H+{{H}_{2}}{{O}_{2}}\to {{H}_{2}}{{S}_{2}}{{O}_{8}}+2HCl\]