Question

What kind of molecule is $AlCl_3$?

Answer 1

Hint: Compounds with the formula $AlCl_3$ are known as aluminium chloride or aluminium trichloride. They are made up of aluminium and chlorine atoms in a 1:3 ratio, with one shape containing six hydration waters. Both are white solids, but samples frequently contain iron(III) chloride, which gives them a yellow appearance.

Complete answer:
Lewis acids and bases are electron-pair acceptors and electron-pair donors, respectively, according to the Lewis principle of acid-base reactions. As a result, a Lewis base will donate two electrons to a Lewis acid, resulting in a substance with a coordinate covalent bond. A Lewis adduct is another name for this substance.
Lewis Acid:
Lewis acids are chemical compounds with empty orbitals that can accept electron pairs from Lewis bases. Chemical species with a trigonal planar form and an empty p-orbital were formerly referred to as trigonal planar species. $BR_3$ is an example of a Lewis acid of this kind (where R can be a halide or an organic substituent).
Since they can accept and donate electron pairs depending on the reaction, water and certain other compounds are classified as both Lewis acids and bases.
Examples: Protons, onium ions, $AlCl_3$
Since the aluminium atom has an open valence shell, aluminium chloride ($AlCl_3$) is a Lewis acid. When discussing aluminium chloride, it is referred to as a Lewis acid or an electrophile.
A species is said to be acid if it lacks electrons and accepts lone pair electrons, according to Lewis.

Note:
Lewis acids are chemical compounds with empty orbitals that can accept electron pairs from Lewis bases. Chemical species with a trigonal planar form and an empty p-orbital were formerly referred to as trigonal planar species. $BR_3$ is an example of a Lewis acid of this kind (where R can be a halide or an organic substituent).