Question

What is the colosseum?

Answer 1

Hint: The Colosseum, although being severely damaged by earthquakes and stone robbers (for spolia), is an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome and was named one of the New7Wonders of the World. It is one of Rome's most prominent tourist attractions, with ties to the Roman Catholic Church as well.

Complete answer:
The Colosseum is an oval amphitheatre located immediately east of the Roman Forum in the heart of Rome, Italy. Despite its age, it is the largest ancient amphitheatre ever erected and remains the world's largest standing amphitheatre today. Construction began in 72 under Emperor Vespasian (r. 69–79 AD) and was completed in 80 AD under Titus (r. 79–81 AD), his successor and heir.

During the reign of Domitian (r. 81–96), more changes were enacted. The Flavian dynasty was the patron of the work, and the amphitheatre was renamed the Flavian Amphitheatre by later classicists and archaeologists because of its affiliation with their surname (Flavius).

Travertine limestone, tuff, and brick-faced concrete were used to construct the Colosseum. The Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as animal hunts, executions, reenactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Roman mythology. It could hold an estimated 50,000 to 80,000 spectators at various points in its history, with an average audience of around 65,000.

Note: The Colosseum experienced multiple major transformations. A small chapel had been erected within the framework of the amphitheatre by the late sixth century, albeit this did not appear to confer any religious significance on the edifice as a whole. The arena was turned into a graveyard.