Question

What is Humulin?

Answer 1

Hint: Insulin is the substance released by the cells of the pancreas, which is helpful for the absorption of glucose by the cells, if the insulin is not produced either by depletion of cells or by another reason, it causes the disease called diabetes type 1, in this condition, synthetic insulin is given.

Complete answer:
- Humulin is the man-made insulin, which is made by the recombinant DNA by genetic engineering.
- The genetic engineering of human insulin is produced by the following process.
- A small piece of circular DNA called a plasmid is extracted from the bacteria cell or yeast.
- A small piece of DNA is cut, from the plasmid with the help of molecular scissors.
- Then the gene of the human insulin is added to the plasmid, then it is called a genetically recombinant plasmid.
- Then this modified plasmid is injected into the bacterial cell or yeast.
- Now this bacteria, start dividing and produce the insulin.
- In order to produce large amounts of insulin, these recombinant bacteria are cultured in fermented areas, so the bacteria have a rich amount of nutrients, and produce large amounts of insulin.
- The insulin which is produced is filtered and packed in bottles and in insulin pens to give to the patients with diabetes Mellitus.
- This genetically engineered human insulin is called humlin, for this usage in humans, I got a license in 1982.

Note: Humulin is the white suspension, where One millimeter of human insulin contains, 100 gms of human insulin, 0.35 mg of protamine sulfate and 16 mg of glycerine, and 3.78 mg of dibasic sodium phosphate, 1.6 my of metacresol, and 0.65 my of phenol, and 0.025 mg of zinc and the PH is maintained by sodium hydroxide, which is in the range of 7 to 7.5.