Question

What is DNA polymerase?

Answer 1

Hint: DNA polymerase is a very important enzyme that is required in DNA replication to arrange the building blocks of DNA that is nucleotides.

Complete answer:
The main function of DNA polymerase is to catalyze the formation of DNA by adding the nucleotides to the main nucleotide chain which are the main building blocks in the DNA strand at the 3' end.
DNA polymerase is classified mainly into five types that are DNA polymerase 1, DNA polymerase 2 and DNA polymerase 3, DNA polymerase 4, and DNA polymerase 5. All of them have different functions.
The function of DNA polymerase 1 is repairing the DNA strand, binding the Okazaki fragments, etc. The function of DNA polymerase 2 is to remove any error if present in the nucleotide sequence. The main function of RNA polymerase 3 is replication. DNA polymerase 4 is involved in mutagenesis whereas DNA polymerase 5 is also involved in repairing.
DNA polymerase cannot start a nucleotide chain, it can only add up nucleotides to the already existing nucleotide chain thus expanding the nucleotide chain from the 3' end.

Note: The DNA polymerase 1 was discovered by Arthur Kornberg in 1956 and for which he received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1959. Whereas the DNA polymerase 2 was discovered by the son of Arthur Kornberg, Thomas Kornberg, and another biologist M.E Gefter. In these experiments, the DNA polymerase was obtained from Escherichia coli (E.coli).