Question

What is a diploid organism?

Answer 1

Hint:
- A chromosome is a long DNA molecule that contains part or more of an organism's genetic material.
- Humans have 23 chromosome pairs, with 22 pairs of numbered autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y.
- Each parent adds one chromosome to each pair, giving offspring half of their mother's chromosomes and half of their father's.

Complete answer:
The DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell. DNA is closely coiled several times around proteins called histones that maintain the arrangement of each chromosome. When a cell is not divided, chromosomes are not detectable in the nucleus, even under a microscope.

The number of sets of chromosomes located inside the nucleus is referred to as "ploidy." Haploid and diploid are the two most common, with haploid having one set of chromosomes and diploid having two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. The way Haploid and Diploid cells replicate is the other big distinction. Meiosis produces haploid cells, while mitosis produces diploid cells. Humans (along with the majority of other mammals) are diploid species.

A cell or organism that is diploid has two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Other than sex cells, all cells of humans are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Humans are diploid organisms with two sets of complete chromosomes in their somatic cells: one set of 23 chromosomes from their father and one set of 23 chromosomes from their mother.

Note:
i) The importance of diploidy in reproduction cannot be overstated.
ii) A person's chromosomes are divided into two sets in adulthood.
ii) It has only one set of gametes (eggs in the female, sperm or pollen in the male): a human egg, for example, has only 23 chromosomes before fertilization.
iv) Diploid species gain an advantage by providing more genetic diversity within their population because each human can express two alleles for each gene by retaining two copies of the genetic code. Other species alternate their life cycles between diploid and haploid.