Question

What do you mean by B.E.C?

Answer 1

Hint: There are three most commonly known states of matter that differ from each other in terms of the intermolecular forces of attraction that exist between their particles and the type of temperature and pressure conditions under which they exist. B.E.C is one of the lesser known states of matter.

Complete answer:
States of matter refers to the physical state or the arrangement of the constituent particles of any substance at a given condition of temperature and pressure.
There are three well known states of matter namely gases, liquids and solids that show variations in their packing, intermolecular spacing, intermolecular attractions, thermal energies, shape and volume.
B.E.C is the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) also known as the fifth state of matter. This state is known to exist at extremely low temperatures which are close to absolute zero. This is a derived state for the gaseous state itself and is achieved by intense cooling of gases at extremely low densities (as low as \[\dfrac{1}{{100000}}th\] of the normal air).
The behavior of gases that exist in the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) state is not governed by simple macroscopic laws like those given in the kinetic theory of gases. The matter present in this is studied by the laws of quantum statistics.

Note:
Absolute zero is actually zero Kelvins. The Kelvin scale is an absolute scale of temperature measurement and zero is the lowest possible value in this scale as it does not have negative values. This is considered to be the lowest temperature as gases tend to have zero thermal or kinetic energies at this temperature. It is very difficult to achieve.