Question

What are alkynes?

Answer 1

Hint : We know that Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with the general formula \[\left( {{C}_{n}}{{H}_{n-2}} \right).\]Hydrocarbons are compounds containing C and H atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbon means there is a presence of double or triple bonds between the atoms. Alkynes have a triple bond between C and H atoms.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
The structure of the alkyne has a uniqueness in it due to the presence of hybridization. The acidity of alkynes, the non-polar bonding strength, and the linearity in them is because of the triple bonds in the alkynes. The alkyne compounds are slightly soluble in the polar solvents and are completely insoluble in water. Alkynes have the capacity to dissolve in the organic solvents since the density of the solution is less, which is yet a characteristic feature of alkenes. For example, alkynes have the capability for dissolving in the ether solution.
These triple bonded alkyne compounds possess a boiling point which is slightly higher than those of the alkanes and alkenes. For example, the boiling point of ethane is -88.6 C whereas that of ethene. Ethyne has a slightly higher boiling point of -84 C. The boiling point of alkynes increases with an increase in the number of carbon atoms. The acidity of these triple alkyne bonded compounds is higher than its counterparts, which are alkanes and alkenes. The sp hybridized alkynes are the most acidic.
They are hard to find in their pure form, They are sp hybridized and the bond angle between them is $180{}^\circ C.$

Note :
Remember that the overlap of the sp orbital from every atom forms one sp–sp sigma bond. Each p orbital on one atom overlaps the other on the other atom, forms two pi bonds, and gives a total of three bonds. The remaining sp orbital on each of the atom can form a sigma bond to another atom, for example, to the hydrogen atoms in the parent acetylene. The two sp orbitals project on the opposite sides of the carbon atom.