Question

Wall of mature pollen grain consists of:
A. Ektexine and endexine
B. Tapetum and endothecium
C. Exine and inline
D. Foot and baculate layer

Answer 1

Hint: The male gametophyte is represented by pollen grains. The microspores separate from one another and grow into pollen grains as the anther goes through maturation and dehydrates. Numerous thousands of very numerous microspores or pollen grains are generated inside each and every microsporangium and are discharged with the dehiscence of an anther. Typically, pollen grains are male gametes.


Step by step solution:
The male gametophytes are represented by the pollen grains. These are typically spherical objects with a diameter of 25–50 micrometres.
Pollen grains have a cell wall known as sporoderm, which has two layers, exine and intine.
Exine: It is a sporopollenin-based hard exterior layer (one of the most resistant organic materials known). The exine is a protective layer since it can tolerate high temperatures as well as potent acids and alkalis. So yet, there is no known enzyme that can break down sporopollenin.
Additionally, this aids in fossilisation. Due to sporopollenin, pollen grains can be stored and used as fossils for research.
When pollinated by biotic/abiotic agents, it is challenging for the pollen grains to remain sealed off from dangerous conditions and exhibit a diverse assortment of patterns and shapes that are important for taxonomic understanding.
It lacks sporopollenin, although it does have conspicuous openings called germ-pores.
Intine: It is the thin, continuous inner wall, which is composed of cellulose and pectin.
The pollen grain's plasma membrane encloses the cytoplasm.

So, option C is correct.

Note: Many species of pollen grains, particularly those from anemophilous plants, can cause severe allergies and bronchial problems in some people, frequently progressing to long-term respiratory conditions including asthma and bronchitis. The grains of pollen are nutrient-rich. They improve athletes' performance.