Question

Volume of urine is regulated by
A. Aldosterone
B. Aldosterone and ADH
C. Aldosterone, ADH and testosterone
D. ADH

Answer 1

Hint: The hypothalamus synthesises this hormone and promotes the reabsorption of water from the tubule, thus preventing diuresis.

Complete Answer:
- There are special chemicals in the body that function as hormones and provide the body with chemical coordination, regulation and integration. They are secreted by the endocrine system. These hormones regulate the endocrine glands, metabolism, cell growth and development.

 - The hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex are commonly known as corticoids. Mineralocorticoids are the corticoids, which control water and electrolytes balance in our body. The principal mineralocorticoid in our body is aldosterone. Aldosterone aids in electrolyte maintenance, volume of body fluid, blood pressure and osmotic pressure.

- Testosterone is secreted by the Leydig cells. There are small blood vessels and interstitial cells or Leydig cells in the regions outside of the seminiferous tubules of the testis which is known as interstitial spaces. The Leydig cells produce and secrete the testicular hormones known as androgens, mainly testosterone.

- Vasopressin primarily works on the kidney and activates the distal tubules to reabsorb water and electrolytes, decreasing the loss of water by urine via diuresis. It is also often referred to as an anti-diuretic hormone or ADH. Changes in blood flow, body fluid saturation, and ionic concentration stimulate osmoreceptors in the body. These receptors that enable the hypothalamus to release antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin from the neurohypophysis may be triggered by an excessive loss of fluid from the body.

Thus, the correct answer is ADH.

Note: A disorder that affects the production or release of ADH results in the kidney's lowered capacity to retain water, resulting in water loss and dehydration. This condition is known as Insipidus Diabetes.