Question

Umara and jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughal ___________.

Answer 1

Hint: 1) A jagir, also known as jageer, was a kind of feudal land grant at the base of its Jagirdar (Zamindar) system in the Indian subcontinent.
2) The Delhi Sultanate introduced the jagirdar system, and it persisted throughout the Mughal Empire.
3) Amir and the plural term, umara, in general, were utilized for "noblemen" and to denote high-ranking officials.

Complete answer:
The Mughals were ancestors of the Mongol emperor Genghis Khan, and the Timur, who ruled Iraq, Iran and present-day Turkey. In India, the administration of Mughals was based on the Mansabdari System. All nobles who entered the Mughal service were known as mansabdars. The Mansabdars got paid as per their ranks.

Those Mansabdars, who were paid via cash, were named Naqdi. The Mansabdars who got paid via land (Jagirs) were named Jagirdars. In the Mughal era, the jagirdar gathered taxes. He got paid salary from that and the rest was given to the Mughal treasury, while a separate Mughal appointee got the military authority and administration. The system of jagirs was retained by Jat, Saini, Rajput, and Sikh jat kingdoms after the fall of the Mughal Empire, and later by the British East India Company. The Mughal ruling elite, styled as umara, who belonged to the first rank of the mansabdari structure, and the feudal chieftains, who held allegiance to the Mughal crown, consisted of the aristocracy of the land.

Jagirdars and Umara constituted powerful sections of the Mughal administration.

Note: The duties of Mansabdars include civil work and military work. They needed to maintain a defined number of cavalrymen.
An individual wishing to enter the royal service had to petition via a noble who gave a tajwiz to the emperor.
Later, the terms, Zat and Sawar were used to denote the rank of mansabdar. For example, a mansabdar with 3000 Zat and 1000 Sawar.