Question

How many types of ground tissues are there? What are they? Write about parenchyma.

Answer 1

Hint: Parenchyma cells contain two layers of mesophyll cells in the leaves directly below the leaf epidermis, which are essential for photosynthetic activity and gas exchange.

Complete Answer:
All tissues which are neither vascular nor dermal are included in the ground tissue of plants. It can be split into three types, depending on the nature of its cell walls.
- Parenchyma cell
- Sclerenchyma cell
- Collenchyma cell

- Cells of Parenchyma have thin primary walls and typically stay alive once they are mature.
- The cortex (outer region) and pith (central region) of the branches, the cortex of the roots, the mesophyll of the leaves, the pulp of the fruits and the endosperm of the seeds are produced, among other things.
- They possess flexible and thin cellulose cell walls, but when close-packed, they are usually polyhedral, but when separated from their neighbours, they may be approximately spherical.
- Generally, parenchyma cells are big, they possess large central vacuoles which enable ions, waste products, and water to be stored and controlled by the cells.
- Parenchyma cells are usually made up of tissue developed for food preservation.

Note: Parenchyma cells' shape varies with their role. Parenchyma cells range from closer-spherical and loosely organized with broad intercellular spaces in the spongy mesophyll of a leaf to branched or stellate, intertwined with their neighbors at the tips of their arms to create a three-dimensional network, as in the Phaseolus vulgaris red kidney bean and other mesophytes.