Question

Tube well irrigation on agricultural land is responsible for ____________.
A. Decrease in agriculture output
B. Reduction of the water table
C. Loss of capital
D. Loss of soil fertility

Answer 1

Hint: Irrigation refers to the process of applying water to the soil, especially to meet the water needs of growing plants. Various methods are there with the help of which irrigation can be done. But among all the methods Drip irrigation is the most efficient and appropriate irrigation system.

Complete answer:
Tube wells are the most suitable groundwater irrigation method in agriculture for smallholdings. It is more valid at the time when the surface water dries up during drought-like situations.
It is a kind of water well, having a long pipe inside that is bored into an underground aquifer. Here, the lower end is fitted with a strainer and a pump lift water for irrigation. Also, the required depth of the well depends on the depth of the water table.
As it takes only a limited area for irrigation, so it leads to a small cultivated area only. Sometimes it costs high and which is not affordable for small farmers. Only the rich farmers can afford to sink deep wells. Tube wells are also not suitable for brackish groundwater.
It leads to the depletion of groundwater because of which the level of groundwater reserves may get exhausted. It requires a motor connection and it takes electricity for its working.
Tube wells irrigation leads to the over-abstraction of the water table that raises the issue of equity, especially in rural areas.

Note: There are commonly five methods of irrigation; Drip Sprinkler, Center Pivot, Furrow, and Terraced. The drip irrigation method is the most efficient and appropriate irrigation system.