Question

Through which treaty Mussolini recognized the papacy of the pope in the Vatican City and in turn the pope recognized the sovereignty of the king in Rome?
A) Lateran treaty of 1929
B) Treaty of Paris
C) Treaty of Versailles
D) All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Papacy, the position and jurisdiction of the bishop of Rome, the pope presides over the central government of the Roman Catholic Church, the Roman Catholic Church is the largest of the three branches of Christianity. The term pope was originally used to refer to all bishops in the West and was also used to describe the bishop of Alexandria who still has that title.

Complete answer:
The Lateran Treaty of 1929, is the Treaty between Italy and the Vatican. It was signed by Benito Mussolini for the Italian government, and by Cardinal Pietro Gaspari for the Pope, and it was confirmed by the Italian Constitution of 1948. After ratifying the Lateran Treaty, the Pope of Rome recognized the State of Italy with Rome as its capital. In return, Italy recognized the Pope’s sovereignty over Vatican City.

Some additional measures were agreed upon. For example, Article 1 gives the city of Rome its special character as the “centre and pilgrimage site of the Catholic world”. The deal likewise conceded the right of Vatican City to give money and stamps, send and get strategic delegates, and oversee as residents those with fixed homes inside its boundary. Italy ensured to the small state (108.7 sections of land) a satisfactory water supply, a connection with the Italian rail route framework and the development of a station inside Vatican City, and associations with the message, phone, and postal administrations of the rest of the world. Different subtleties of relations among Italy and Vatican City were masterminded in different conditions.

Thus, the correct answer is option ‘A’.

Note: Article 20 stipulates that all bishops must swear allegiance to the country and be Italian subjects who speak Italian. Article 34 The state recognizes the validity of Catholic marriages and its compliance with the canon law; therefore, invalid cases are heard by the church courts, and divorce is not allowed.