Question

These are the density stained reticular structures present near the nucleus, consisting of many flat, disc-shaped cisternae of $0.5 - 1.0 \mu m$ diameter. These are
A. Chloroplasts
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus

Answer 1

Hint: This organelle is the site of the formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is present near the nucleus and is part of the endomembrane system. This cell organelle is involved in the formation of the lysosome.

Complete answer:
This cell organelle was identified in 1897 by Italian scientist Camillo Golgi and this organelle is named after him. This organelle is known as the Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex or Golgi body. It is found in most eukaryotic cells. This organelle is known as a dictyosome in plant cells. These are the density stained reticular structures present near the nucleus, consisting of many flat, disc-shaped cisternae of $0.5 - 1.0 \mu m$ diameter. Golgi apparatus consists of stacks of flattened sacs like structures called cisternae. Cisternae are stacked together in parallel rows. They are $0.5\;\mu m$ to $1.0\;\mu m$ in diameter. Cisternae contain numerous vesicles which contain secretory granules. The cisternae are concentrically arranged near the nucleus and have a cis and trans face. Golgi apparatus receives proteins and fats from the rough endoplasmic reticulum, sort, modify and pack them so that they can be utilized by the cell. They synthesize and secrete enzymes, hormones and help in the formation of the acrosome of sperms. They are involved in the synthesis of the cell wall, plasma membrane and lysosomes. They arise from the membrane of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
So, option D is the correct answer.

Note: It is one of the first organelles to be discovered and observed in detail. The subcellular localization of the Golgi apparatus varies among eukaryotes. Localization and tubular connections of the Golgi apparatus are dependent on microtubules.