Question

The units of fundamental physical quantities are known as ____________ units.
A. derived
B. absolute
C. supreme
D. fundamental

Answer 1

Hint: The fundamental quantities are independent of all the other physical quantities. Their units form the basis of many derived quantities. The term fundamental explains that they are independent and at the base of other derived quantities.

Complete step-by-step solution:
The fundamental quantities in physics are those quantities which are independent of the other quantities encountered in nature. It is not possible to express these quantities in terms of other physical quantities.
For example Mass, length, time, electric current, temperature, etc.
The units of these fundamental physical quantities are known as fundamental units.
For example Mass – kilogram, length – meter, time – second, electric current – amperes, temperature – Kelvin, etc.
Hence, the correct answer to the given question is option C. The units of fundamental physical quantities are known as fundamental units.
Additional information:
Dimensional formula: A dimensional formula of a physical quantity is an expression, which describes the dependence of that quantity on the fundamental quantities.
All physical quantities can be expressed in terms of certain fundamental quantities. The following table contains the fundamental quantities and their units and dimensional notation respectively.

No.	Quantities	unit	Dimensional formula
1.	Length	metre (m)	$\left[ {{M^0}{L^1}{T^0}} \right]$
2.	Mass	kilogram (g)	$\left[ {{M^1}{L^0}{T^0}} \right]$
3.	Time	second (s)	$\left[ {{M^0}{L^0}{T^1}} \right]$
4.	Electric current	ampere (A)	$\left[ {{M^0}{L^0}{T^0}{A^1}} \right]$
5.	Temperature	kelvin [K]	$\left[ {{M^0}{L^0}{T^0}{K^1}} \right]$
6.	Amount of substance	mole [mol]	$\left[ {{M^0}{L^0}{T^0}mo{l^1}} \right]$
7.	Luminous intensity	candela [cd]	$\left[ {{M^0}{L^0}{T^0}C{d^1}} \right]$

Derived quantities: These quantities are derived from fundamental quantities. For example, Velocity is derived from the fundamental quantities, length, and time and has S.I. units of a meter per second ($m{s^{ - 1}}$).

Note: The fundamental units of fundamental quantities form the basis from which various other quantities are derived. Mass, length, and time are most commonly encountered fundamental quantities so they must be specified in all dimensional formulas.