Question

The two protoplasts are fused with a fusogen called
A. Polyethylene glycol
B. Polyvinyl chloride
C. Polyethane glycol
D. Phosphoric ethane

Answer 1

Hint: Protoplast of the cells fused together to form a hybrid. This process is known as somatic hybridization. Various agents play an important role in packaging of protoplasts in the cell membrane due to the activities of the ions with the cytoplasmic proteins. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) promotes fusion and aggregation of cells. It is also called a fusogen.

Complete answer:
Regeneration in plants occurs when the fusion of protoplasts from different plants to form somatic hybrid cells. Callus tissue is produced from the proliferation of the fusion product. Hybrids cannot be produced from normal sexual means. It is an extremely important achievement. Protoplasts are isolated and fuse together and aggregation will not occur in the absence of an inducing agent. For inducing fusion of protoplasts various chemicals are used. One of the most widely used chemicals is polyethylene glycol (PEG). Different types of protoplast show better aggregation. It is known as induced fusion.
Polyvinyl chloride has a great strength that’s why it is used as thermoplastic material. It is used in manufacturing pipes, medical devices, wire etc.
Polyethylene glycol works as osmotic laxative. It is used to treat constipation. Phosphoric acid combines with ethane. Phosphoric acid is also called ortho-phosphoric acid.
From the above information we know that the two protoplasts are fused with a fusagen called polyethylene glycol.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Note: Hybridization can be done by spontaneous as well as induced fusion. Spontaneous fusion has little significance because it occurs by physical contact of cells. Protoplasts fuse through plasmodesmata to multinucleate protoplast. Free protoplast does not show spontaneous fusion. Induced fusion can be of two types that are chemo-fusion (fusion induced by some chemical agents) and electro-fusion (fusion induced by electric current).