Question

The triplet on the coding strand of DNA is ATG. What would be the required anticodon on corresponding tRNA during translation
A) UAA
B) UAG
C) UGA
D) UAC

Answer 1

Hint:Translation is a process which is involved in protein synthesis in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. There are few differences between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation with respect to the site and also the fact that in prokaryotes transcription and translation are coupled whereas in eukaryotes it is an independent event.

Complete answer:
In translation messenger RNA that is produced as a result of transcription is decoded with the help of ribosome. The ribosome facilitates translation by mediating the binding of tRNA anticodons to the mRNA codons. A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that specifies either an amino acid or start and stop signals in the process of translation. A particular tRNA has an amino acid attached and an anticodon that matches a specific codon. The process of translation has three main steps- initiation, elongation and termination. During initiation the ribosome binds to the target mRNA through specific Shine Dalgarno sequence, the first tRNA is attached to the start codon that in most cases codes for methionine. During elongation the tRNA transfers an amino acid to the next codon and moves along the mRNA until it comes across a stop codon. Termination is the step where the translation stops on encountering a stop codon following the release of the polypeptide. This polypeptide undergoes modifications to form the final protein.

Hence the correct answer is (D) UAC.

Note:The process of translation is of utmost importance as it results in formation of proteins. These proteins carry out many cellular processes. Proper translation should be carried out otherwise it will lead to defective proteins that might be harmful for cells.