Question

The theory of Democritus states that:
(A)- everything is composed of “atoms”, which are physically, but not geometrically, indivisible.
(B)- between atoms, there lies empty space
(C)- there are an infinite number of atoms
(D)- all of the above

Answer 1

Hint: The theory devised to explain the composition of matter, led to the smallest indestructible particle present in it called the atom. Democritus was the first person to coin the word “atomos” meaning indivisible.

Complete answer:
The Greek philosopher Democritus from his atomic theory, proposed that the matter is composed of the basic element called as atoms, which means “indivisible”. That is, as we divide the matter into smaller and smaller pieces, then the smallest piece which cannot be divided further in it is the atom, that is indestructible.
In a matter, the atoms are infinite in number, that are continuously moving through the empty space and colliding into each other. Though made up of the same material, the atoms are present in different shapes and sizes. Thus, accounting for the different properties of the matter. Also, as the arrangement of the atoms are changed, it brings changes into the matter.
Therefore, the atomic theory of Democritus states option (D) all the above, that is, the matter is made up of “atoms”, which can be broken down physically, but not geometrically, and they are infinite in number, lying in empty space.

Note:
This theory was rejected at the time as the concept of void space could not be explained with experimental evidence. Thus, it was not acceptable by people.
Also, as the atoms join together to form the material, Democritus could not explain how the atoms hold together.